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RAF History

The Royal Air Force is the oldest independent air force and has been defending the British skies for more than 100 years. In this hub, you'll find details about the history of the RAF, including the founding of the air force, key Second World War operations, and RAF squadrons and sections.

Andree's War

Andrée’s War Part 2: "How my mother outwitted the Nazis"

After exploring Andrée Griotteray White’s early life and role in the French Resistance in Part 1, in this article we find out some of Andrée’s most dangerous moments…

14 March 2025
Francelle White

Andree’s War Part 1: "My mother’s role in the French Resistance"

To mark Women’s History Month this March, we spoke with Francelle White about the part her mother Andrée played in the French Resistance during the Second World War. In…

5 March 2025
RAF Pride

LGBTQ+ History in the RAF

To mark LGBTQ+ History Month this February, the Fund has collaborated with the RAF LGBTQ+ Network to highlight the important milestones for the RAF LGBTQ+ community.

1 February 2025
Errol Barrow.jpg

Black History Month: The extraordinary life of Flying Officer Errol Barrow

As we continue to celebrate Black History Month, we recognise the incredible achievements of Flying Officer Errol Walton Barrow, a skilled RAF Navigator and former Prime…

Lilian Bader.jpg

Black History Month: Lilian Bader, a trailblazer in the RAF

Continuing our Black History Month profile spotlights, we look back at the remarkable life and achievements of Lilian Bader, one of the first black women who served in…

Ulric Cross in uniform in black and white

Black History Month: The remarkable legacy of Squadron Leader Ulric Cross

To mark Black History Month 2024, we are honouring the life and legacy of Squadron Leader Ulric Cross, DFC, DSO. His exceptional bravery and skill in the RAF during the…

30 September 2024

The founding of the Royal Air Force

The RAF was founded on 1st April 1918, when the Royal Flying Corps (RFC) and Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS) were merged in response to the events of the First World War. The newly created RAF was the most powerful air force in the world, with over 20,000 aircraft and 300,000 personnel. At the end of the First World War, the RAF was reduced in size and took on the task of policing the British Empire using air power. However, it then underwent rapid expansion prior to, and during, the Second World War.

Key Second World War operations

During the Second World War, the RAF was responsible for the aerial defence of Britain, as well as the strategic bombing of Germany. RAF squadrons also provided tactical support to the British Army around the world. The Battle of Britain was a defining operation for the RAF, who held off the Luftwaffe in one of the most complex ongoing air campaigns in history, during the summer of 1940.

Royal Air Force Squadrons and Sections

The RAF is made up of squadrons that can fly aircraft or be ground based, covering a diverse range of roles, such as combat, training, reconnaissance, and equipment testing. Sections include the RAF regiments, a specialist corps founded by Royal Warrant in 1942 with the aim to respond to a wide range of threats, whenever and wherever necessary.