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RAF History

The Royal Air Force is the oldest independent air force and has been defending the British skies for more than 100 years. In this hub, you'll find details about the history of the RAF, including the founding of the air force, key Second World War operations, and RAF squadrons and sections.

Errol Barrow.jpg

Black History Month: The extraordinary life of Flying Officer Errol Barrow

As we continue to celebrate Black History Month, we recognise the incredible achievements of Flying Officer Errol Walton Barrow, a skilled RAF Navigator and former Prime…

Ulric Cross in uniform in black and white

Black History Month: The remarkable legacy of Squadron Leader Ulric Cross

To mark Black History Month 2024, we are honouring the life and legacy of Squadron Leader Ulric Cross, DFC, DSO. His exceptional bravery and skill in the RAF during the…

30 September 2025
Arrivals on board the ex-troopship, HMT Empire Windrush at Tilbury. An RAF recruiting officer speaks to a group of men interested in joining the Royal Air Force. 22 June 1948

Windrush Day: Recognising the contributions of the Windrush Generation

To mark Windrush Day (22 June), we provide some insight into the Windrush Generation, and the key roles and contributions these individuals played in both military and…

John Jenkins D-Day blue background

"My father’s role supporting the D-Day landings"

Fund supporter Ann Blowers’ father, John Jenkins, was a Flight Sergeant during the Second World War – serving as a Bomb Aimer in Bomber Command. To mark the 81st…

Nobby Hill

"We were glad we wouldn't hear the sirens anymore"

As the nation prepares to mark 80 years since VE Day, we look back on an old interview with RAF veteran Nobby Hill, who told us what it was like as a teenager.

29 April 2025
Francelle White 3

Andrée’s War Part 3: "My mother’s WW2 exploits inspired me to write a book about her"

We explored Andrée Griotteray White’s journey into becoming an agent in the French Resistance in Part 1 of our Women’s History Month series, and some of Andrée’s most…

28 March 2025

The founding of the Royal Air Force

The RAF was founded on 1st April 1918, when the Royal Flying Corps (RFC) and Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS) were merged in response to the events of the First World War. The newly created RAF was the most powerful air force in the world, with over 20,000 aircraft and 300,000 personnel. At the end of the First World War, the RAF was reduced in size and took on the task of policing the British Empire using air power. However, it then underwent rapid expansion prior to, and during, the Second World War.

Key Second World War operations

During the Second World War, the RAF was responsible for the aerial defence of Britain, as well as the strategic bombing of Germany. RAF squadrons also provided tactical support to the British Army around the world. The Battle of Britain was a defining operation for the RAF, who held off the Luftwaffe in one of the most complex ongoing air campaigns in history, during the summer of 1940.

Royal Air Force Squadrons and Sections

The RAF is made up of squadrons that can fly aircraft or be ground based, covering a diverse range of roles, such as combat, training, reconnaissance, and equipment testing. Sections include the RAF regiments, a specialist corps founded by Royal Warrant in 1942 with the aim to respond to a wide range of threats, whenever and wherever necessary.